Phrenology was developed in 1796 by a German physician, Franz Joseph Gall (1758-1828). Based on the idea that measuring the contours of the human skull predicts personality traits, it was an early influence in the fields of psychology and neurology. Gall’s methodological standards were quite poor, even for his day, and many of his contemporaries had already regarded phrenology as a pseudoscience even in the 19th century.

While idea that the bumps on your head accurately predict your personality has been debunked, modern neurology does show that there are localized brain functions and they can be influenced. In fact, using techniques such as transcranial magnetic stimulation and even something as simple as gentle massage (for at least 60 seconds) can actually trigger a noticeable effect. For example, if a magnet is applied to area 14 in the chart above (benevolence) you might notice that individual is more charitable. Massage area 13 (intuitiveness for numbers and letters) for a couple of minutes the next time you’re stuck on a crossword or sudoku puzzle.


